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Writer's pictureLupe Buten-Encarnacion

Nurturing Bilingualism in an English-Dominant Environment: Tips for Parents

Bilingualism is a fascinating phenomenon that encompasses various types of bilingual individuals. One type is simultaneous bilinguals, who acquire two languages from birth or early childhood and develop near-native proficiency in both languages. Another type is sequential bilinguals, who initially learn one language and then acquire a second language later in life. Sequential bilinguals may exhibit varying degrees of proficiency and fluency in each language, depending on the timing and extent of exposure to each language. Additionally, there are bilinguals who grow up in a household where a language other than the dominant language of the society is spoken. They may have receptive skills in the language but may require further development in terms of expressive abilities. Each type of bilingual person brings a unique perspective and experience to language and culture, enriching the linguistic landscape in diverse and meaningful ways.


In addition to the different types of bilingual individuals, there are also varying ranges of bilingualism that a person can exhibit. One end of the spectrum is the full proficient bilingual, who has an equal level of fluency and proficiency in both languages, often indistinguishable from a monolingual speaker in each language. These individuals possess a deep understanding of cultural nuances and can effortlessly switch between languages depending on the context. On the other end, there are individuals who have limited proficiency or passive bilingualism, where they may understand one language well but struggle with expressing themselves fluently in that language. They may primarily use one language for communication while understanding and recognizing words or phrases in the other language. Between these extremes, there is a wide range of bilingual proficiency levels, with individuals falling at different points along the continuum. Bilingualism exists on a dynamic spectrum, and each level of proficiency offers unique advantages and opportunities for personal and cultural connections.


Raising a child bilingual requires a thoughtful and consistent approach from parents.

Ideally, the best way to raise a fully bilingual proficient child would be to attend school in countries of that language; for a total immersion experience in both English in America and other language (e.g. Spanish in the Dominican Republic). However, many of us can only dream of such abilities. Here are some strategies to support bilingualism in your child:


1. Create a language-rich environment: Expose your child to both languages regularly by speaking to them in each language at different times. Use the target language during daily routines, playtime, and conversations to create a natural and immersive language environment.


2. Consistency is key: Establish clear language boundaries by consistently using one language with your child while ensuring other family members or caregivers do the same. This helps your child associate specific languages with specific contexts and individuals.


3. Provide ample language exposure: Offer diverse opportunities for your child to hear and interact with both languages. This can include reading bilingual books, watching age-appropriate shows or movies in the target languages, and engaging in cultural activities related to each language.


4. Foster positive associations: Make language learning enjoyable by incorporating fun activities, songs, games, and stories in each language. Encourage your child's curiosity and celebrate their language milestones and achievements.


5. Engage with the community: Seek out bilingual communities, cultural events, or playgroups where your child can interact with peers who speak the same languages. This provides valuable social support and reinforces the importance and relevance of each language.


6. Be patient and flexible: Understand that bilingual development takes time, and each child progresses at their own pace. Be patient with their language learning journey, providing support and encouragement along the way.


7. Value and respect both languages: Emphasize the importance and value of both languages to instill pride and a sense of identity in your child's bilingualism. Encourage open discussions about cultural heritage and the benefits of being bilingual.


Remember, raising a bilingual child is a long-term commitment. By fostering a supportive and immersive language environment, maintaining consistency, and celebrating linguistic and cultural diversity, you can help your child develop strong bilingual skills that will enrich their lives and open doors to a world of opportunities.


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